Women who have survived warfare have endured five "fitness costs," according to UO researcher Michelle Scalise Sugiyama in a newly published paper in the journal Human Nature.

Sugiyama, a research associate in the Oregon Institute of Cognitive and Decision Sciences and an affiliate in the Department of Anthropology, analyzed passed-down stories from around the world, including those from North American Indian tribes, the Eskimo, Aborigine groups of Australia, the San of Southern Africa and select South American tribal societies.

Science Daily covers the research, which was described in a news release issued by the journal under the headline 'Stockholm Syndrome' could have ancient roots: Traditional stories highlight how ancient women survived.